Which patients are at risk for intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH)?

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) occurs when there is increased pressure within the abdominal cavity, which can lead to a range of complications affecting organ function. Various conditions and circumstances can predispose patients to IAH.

Among the options, the rationale behind the correctness of the choice stating that all patients except those with an aortic-balloon pump are at risk for IAH is based on the understanding of factors that typically contribute to elevated abdominal pressure.

Patients who recently underwent surgery are particularly at risk for IAH due to factors such as fluid retention, surgical manipulation of the abdominal organs, and the potential for post-operative complications that can lead to swelling or hematoma formation in the abdomen. Similarly, patients with chronic liver disease often experience fluid accumulation and increased abdominal pressure due to ascites and portal hypertension.

Individuals with diabetes may have some risk factors for IAH, particularly if they have complications such as obesity, which can contribute to abdominal pressure. However, the specific choice suggests excluding those with an aortic-balloon pump, which is generally used to manage cardiac conditions. This device does not inherently lead to the factors associated with IAH, making them an exception in this context.

Overall, understanding the risk factors for IAH is crucial for early